A History of Palm, Part 1: Before the PalmPilot
lowendmac.com
lowendmac.com
Having primarily used Windows and early Linux distributions at the time, Palm's elegant and useful user interface guidelines were my introduction to user experience and eventually led me to Mac OS.
While I fought the Palm OS storage model at the time, in retrospect, it was, like the UI approach, also an elegant abstraction that played a key role in safeguarding the performance expectations of the user experience.
[1] https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/palm-os-progr...
[2] http://www.palminfocenter.com/news/4762/metrowerks-releases-...
Apple had the Newton but poor handwriting recognition. Palmpilots had something like shorthand, but also a pop-up keyboard or an external keyboard as well.
I remember working with the Davinci devices as well.
It is good to see the start of the market, before Palm.
The Timex Datalink was the original smart watch and they even had apps for it, but it didn't have much in the way of memory and synced with Outlook using a program that only worked in Windows 95 unless you had the notebook adapter.
These days I am sick and disabled and cannot afford an Apple Watch and don't have an iPhone to work with it.
I remember stores didn't carry the Timex Datalink anymore, I had to find it at Walmart Jewelry sections and have them call different stores to see who had it in stock.
Here's a fun Palm app called "PalmJoint" that I was beaming around and virtually toking with people at CodeCon. More of a pleasure card than a business card. [2]
If you still have Plucker files, you might have some luck using FBReader to read it. It apparently still supports Plucker (but not on android) [1]
[1] https://fbreader.org/content/book-formats-supported-and-not-...
I got excited over webOS. Then it got bought by HP and killed. Sigh...
I recently bought a Panasonic TV and was surprised to discover, on first boot, that it was running Firefox OS, something that is considered 'dead' in the mobile space. Here's a link about it [1]
[1] "Firefox OS will Power New Panasonic UHD TVs Unveiled at CES" [ https://blog.mozilla.org/blog/2016/01/05/firefox-os-will-pow... ]
It was a great UX but suffered from a variety of under the hood issues. Palm was the only other company that offered a (relatively) seamless upgrade experience. iOS has its faults but I much prefer the upgrade experience compared to Android.
>Furthermore, the [Unistroke] alphabet's strokes are well distinguished in "sloppiness space", allowing for accurate recognition of not-so-accurate input.
>Unlike Graffiti, Unistrokes gestures bare little resemblance to Roman letters. However, each letter is assigned a short stroke, with frequent letters (e.g., E, A, T, I, R) associated with a straight line. Unistrokes is analogous to touch-typing with a keyboard, as practice will result in high-speed, "eyes-free" input.
>Over twenty fifteen-phrase sessions, text entry speed in the Graffiti group increased from 4.0 wpm to 11.4 wpm. During the same time, text entry speed in the Unistrokes group increased from 4.1 wpm to 15.8 wpm. However, an analysis of variance yielded a lack of statistical difference in entry speed between the two techniques. Participants often performed unnecessary deletions, resulting in high correction rates. In addition, the duration of gesture chart views decreased quickly, but varied widely between participants. Inter-stroke time between the two groups was similar, but the significant difference in stroke duration favoured Unistrokes. The Graffiti alphabet's recognisability endears itself to novice users. However, this study shows that investing the same time learning Unistrokes can result in significantly faster stroke time and higher text entry speed.
Ken Perlin also developed a continuous stylus-based text entry system called Quikwriting [6] [7], which he patented [8]. And there have been various imitations and other questionable patents [9]. It would be interesting to measure how Quikwriting compares with Unistrokes and Graffiti -- it might be faster since it doesn't involve lifting the pen between letters.
[1] http://www.brighthand.com/news/palm-xerox-finally-settle-gra...
[2] http://www.palminfocenter.com/news/8628/xerox-graffiti-lawsu...
[3] https://www.google.com/patents/US5596656
[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graffiti_(Palm_OS)#Lawsuit
[5] http://www.yorku.ca/mack/chi2008b.html
[6] http://mrl.nyu.edu/~perlin/doc/quikwriting/quikwriting.pdf
[7] http://www.mrl.nyu.edu/projects/quikwriting/
[8] https://www.google.com/patents/US6031525
[9] http://shr-devel.shr-project.narkive.com/wIClUJgX/someone-is...
I'd love to have ACCESS do something with it other than a (pretty much dead) Android keyboard.
"Dasher" is another interesting text input technique: navigating through the library of all possible books, based on continuous pointing gestures plus language modeling, which alters the target size by the probability of the corresponding text, can be easily trained on any writing style, and automatically learns as you use it.
Unlike Graffiti-like gesture recognition systems, and like pie menus: inaccurate gestures can be compensated for by later gestures -- you can continuously and perpetually correct your errors without changing mode, canceling or repeating gestures. And it works seamlessly with any alphabet like Hiragana and additional characters without any extra learning.
[1] http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/dasher/
[2] http://www.inference.phy.cam.ac.uk/dasher/MobileDasher.html
[3] Dasher: information-efficient text entry: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ie9Se7FneXE
[4] Dasher Poem: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-WLiY2p1LQ
A text entry system that requires visual attention which you can't use while driving a car might be considered a safety feature. ;) Then again, it might just kill people faster who insist on texting while they're driving without looking at the road. ;( YOLO! BOOM
Dasher has different goals and trade-offs than Graffiti, so its useful for different kinds of applications, but it supports some very important features (like alternative alphabets, and language modeling) that are impossible for Graffiti to provide, which many applications require (especially Hiragana, constrained grammars, text messaging and chat with Unicode and emoji symbols, easy training, and accessibility for people with limited motion or alternative input methods).
The paper comparing Graffiti and Unistroke [1] measured Graffiti at up to 11.4 words per minute with a consistent 26% correction rate, and Unistroke at up to 15.8 words per minute with decreasing correction rate from 43% to 16%.
Dasher is faster and has a steep but easy learning curve (it's self revealing and doesn't require a reference card).
David MacKay described an experiment in his Google Tech Talk [2] that measured novice users performance over time. Bottom of the class started at 5 words per minute, and improved to 10 words per minute after an hour of practice; top of the class started at 12 words per minute, and got to 25 words per minute after one hour of practice.
Expert dasher users using a hands-free eye tracking interface have been measured at up to 25 words per minute with an error rate of essentially zero.
I also think Dasher would be quite useful and natural for head mounted displays, and that is a fruitful avenue for further research. [3] [4]
[1] http://www.yorku.ca/mack/chi2008b.html
[2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ie9Se7FneXE
Dasher 5.0 beta release: https://github.com/ipomoena/dasher/releases
Ada Majorek on Dasher: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LvHQ83pMLQQ
Now this was before smartphones were commonplace, and Goodguy's was going out of business. They had a huge section of video games. The wholesaler didn't know anything about video games, nor did I, but I knew they were worth more than $5 a game.
It was 9:30 at night, so I went to the outside of a local library. Got on the Internet, and found out people were buying Halo 3 Collector's edition for at least $30-$45.
I rushed back to Goodguy's and bought every box. They even threw in the displays.
The staff laughed at me. I remember thinking, I couldn't have pulled this off without that Palm TX. That TX gave me such a business advantage.
Two to three years later, everyone had a smartphone. My magic box was common place. I didn't have a commpetitative edge anymore.
Out of all business failures; the failure of Palm really bothered me then, and now. The Palms I had were rugged little products.
I connected the Palm to a gps, loaded the unit with Delorme maps, and took it down the Rogue River in a Baggie. The Rogue is a River in Oregon. I could see when Rainey falls, and Blossom Bar were about to hit us on that little black and white screen. Actually, with the zoom the screen size was more than enough. It worked beautifully.
A previous year I went over Rainey falls by accident. My best friend went over with me. He was 57 and a three pack a day smoker. He was under the water for a long time, but popped up, and swam to shore. The first words out of his mouth were, "Are my smokes wet?". Actually, his first works were yelling my name--then the smokes. Unfortunately, the smokes did survive. After that accident, by the fire at night. He told me, "I just had a hillbilly ECG!".
Years later, a doctor insisted he get a scan. His arteries were squeaky clean. He made it to 70 smoking--only quitting two months before he died. The last year he did need lung medication, and oxygen. Actually, he need albuteral for at least five years? A few weeks before he died, he told me he was lying about his smoking habit. He said he was smoking close to four-five packs a day since 14. I figured he had good genes, or maybe it was his diet? He barely ate.
Anyways, he died peacefully in his sleep ten years ago. I do miss the guy.
On a selfish note, don't make friends with people who are much older than you. Or, if you do--cultivate a lot of friends. He was basically my only friend. We did a lot of crazy stuff together. My life hasen't been the same since he passed away.
Sorry, got off subject.
(When he finally quit-- a few months before he passed, he said, "I thought it would be harder to quit? I actually believed all those commercials comparing smoking cigs to heroin." "I would have quit years ago if I knew what I know now.")