What is the likelihood of this voting machine (or ones like it) being used in an election in 2016? From the article's picture, I see several 8-bit EPROMs in sockets. As much as I love this technology, I would expect that something newer is being used that may be a little less trivial to muck around in.
That said, a "more modern" solution might mean (Windows XP Embedded | a Web front-end | any other un-formally-verified horror show).