I can understand Identity, SMS, Camera, and Device ID/Call info.

Identity: Find or manage any Live/O365/MS account on your device

SMS: Read enrollment text message or backup texts (e.g. no network) for pushing auth requests

Camera: Enrollment via QR code

Device ID / Call info: Needed to reliably push notifications / send SMS + get phone number for verification texts whatever

Android's permission system is sort of obtuse