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What are they going to do? Take you to court for vaguely describing a coding question?

The status quo is that the company whose questions you leaked will never hire you again in the future, and other tech companies who find out about this while researching you as a possible hire might also decide to never hire you.

It's the difference between a polite "this offer doesn't work for me at the moment", and burning your bridges.

(However, this particular article doesn't seem to discuss any specifics of technical questions, so I don't see an issue here)

Interesting, I've never had to sign an NDA before my interviews (at top tech companies) including the on-site/offer stages.

I don't share questions as a matter of principle, fwiw.

Did the NDA specifically refer to the interview process?

Usually they mention any sort of business practices or plans you might learn about in the course of interviewing; recruitment is highly unlikely to fall under that definition.