So far the only thing I've figured out is that updating pieces of a JSONB structure seems like a bad idea at the moment since it will not always succeed (notably you can't add entries to an array once it has 999 elements already).
In my problem I've given each analysis tool I run and API I query it's own JSONB column so that they only ever need to be written once, or if they are changed, they would be overwritten entirely and keep a few normal columns that contain some metadata, but I'm not sure if this is a good approach.