I only know that windows does something different more akin to debug symbols in each binary by default with chicanery to not have it impact things in the general case. But I'm not a windows programmer this is about as much as I know about windows in that regard.
And that leaves no current viable alternatives to the Unix-like systems. Sad, really.
What made Unix a success is a great mystery to me. Presumably it was the ability to run a time-sharing system on low-cost hardware, but then people started taking the tradeoffs it had to make as gospel, which is why we have this ridiculous situation of still wrangling processes on computers with 64 bit bloody address spaces.)