Modern China Is So Crazy It Needs a New Literary Genre
lithub.com
lithub.com
I believe the same thing is happening right now in modern China. Simply substitute constituents and the oligarchy instead for the child and parent. When the citizens realize the infallible groupthink propaganda touted by the ruling class is in fact being touted by people inflicted with the human condition, they also experience a change in world view. Again, this change is "crazy" and more chaotic: A fundamental truth in their world view is no longer true.
Remember, China favored building a society on Confucianism where society had a set order. There is no room for the chaos in a Confucian society. However, the less-promoted Dao De Jing was written in an attempt to perfectly capture the chaos, contradictions, and hypocrisies of reality. And in a way, applying its teachings to itself indicates it both succeeds and fails in doing so.
The "ultra-unrealism" that the author keeps espousing seems to me a reaction for coming to grips to the mind-expanding change that comes when realizing a truth previously fundamental is no longer true. I am not trying to dismiss their feelings but am appreciating the personal growth. I hope others do too.
As someone who has grown up in and is Chinese, I very much disagree with this sentiment, especially in modern day. There has always been a discordant and uncomfortable relationship with authority in Chinese culture- we are polite to put on airs to our authorities but we also secretly hate them in some respects. We understand they are human, like us, but for the sake of society rule airs are put on to keep them. It has always been understood that authority and corruption are tightly bound, perhaps even more understood than in America.
The young see all the holes the government has and both desires to being justice and also acutely feel the burdens of society's structure on them, but to upend society has an almost horrific cultural connotation, a cultural catastophe referred to only as "that critical time" or "those difficult times". In this triangulation we have also the need for simple food, water, love, shelter, peace. The modern world and the ancient world are so intertwined in China, that going of the cities is like a form of time travel. The difference between my mother's home village and the city less than 1 hour away by train is the entire industrial revolution.
Much of modern China is also influences from "the critical time" on the modern history. China still has not recovered, culturally, emotionally. It might never will, not in any real way. People have been producing this kind of literature since that time. The most accurate thing in the article is when the article notes that China might "always" have been like this.
Yes, China has always been like this in its own way. China has had these methods of storytelling for a long, long time. Now the new generation of writers is applying this methods to modern problems and modern society in its complex, cage-like structure that everyone is aware of in their bones.
I disagree with the assessment that this is "crazy" or "coming to grips with a fundamental truth is no longer true". It is a rational consequence of applying ancient storytelling methods to a complex triangulation of the new generation's situation, where we are all aware that the government is a corrupt and easily-swayed monster, but social upheaval is horrifically dangerous monster in its own right. It is a problem with no certain solution, so we write.
In historical context the Chinese have every right to be weary. Between WW2 and the "Great Leap Forward" over fifty million have died due to famine and warfare, either inflicted by international forces or the ruling class.
Only ordinary Chinese citizens are not childlike and easily led at all (that's an early colonial misunderstanding) -- they are just as smart and street-wise as we are, and understand all the gritty details -- they always did.
Another example was given to me by a coworker: after Fukushima, she realized that her employer ultimately did not care about her safety in a regional-paralyzing event. That shattered her world view about how she would be viewed as an object, not a person, by employers. This was despite all the women-in-tech, no-glass-ceiling, etc rhetoric. She vowed to take a new job where she would consider only employers that had demonstrated an active commitment to their employee's safety. It changed her world view about PR pieces put out by companies, especially with regards to diversity.
Edit: To conclude, I personally believe there is an opportunity for personal growth about learning a healthy distrust in what government or politically-active people have to say in any country, including the USA, for everyone. Including myself. I truly did not mean to single out the Chinese in a degrading manner.
When the rules of the game change drastically - we are all children until we figure out the new ones.
However, I think that it is too broad in its generalizations to be viable, and it does not pay enough attention to the actual historical context of circumstances in China.
In China's history the oligarchy/government/emperors were always been regarded as the oppressor, the enemy, the bad guy, by ordinary Chinese. They got power through violence or family line. So people didn't care much, other than paying the painfully exorbitant taxes. For people it's the village leaders/families that actually had intimate ties with them. I think perhaps a better analogy for the world-shattering change facing by today's China might be an isolated tribe being suddenly exposed to modern capitalism/commerce/ideas of freedom/etc., and felt lost, and is searching for ways to go forward, while there are no applicable lessons either from its own history or the hugely different western countries. It's truly remarkable.
You can't really talk about a Chinese society and only bring up Confucianism as it is also a mix of Daoism and Buddhism - all three of which are at odds with each other.
I would think Daosim and its ideas of the needs and rights of "self" would be closer linked to official corruption than that of Confucianism.
Where exactly did the author grew up in? Cushioned upper class life, or Disneyland?
And those examples in a country with over a billion people? You can find all those examples in Africa, Asia, South America, etc.
A lot of those are hardly uncommon in the West either, just in more "white collar" versions. Restaurants re-using cooking-oil? Tons of restaurant are closed every year for just that and worse hygienic offenses. Or we have some company like VW falsifying emissions data (and lately, it comes out that several other companies did), impacting the environment in a huge scale.
Corrupt politicians? We have Presidents and PMs, senators and MPs openly retiring and joining the boards of companies they helped during their political career.
Heck, in Mexico the mob abducted 140+ students, executed them all together, and for the country it was business as usual for the country.
And those are examples or unreality? LOL.
Faced with a crisis that was guaranteed to attract national attention, local officials reacted by attempting to quickly bury the derailed cars on the spot, to the sheer incredulity of absolutely everyone else in China.
This is not easily dismissed as a mere example of corruption, or cruelty, or societal failure; rather, it appeared more like a desperate innovation, an attempt to mitigate political damage that revealed serious disconnects between the worldview of the local administration and those of both the general populace and the national administration.
It was particularly curious and apt in that this was a national crisis about a great source of national pride, wherein perennial worries of Chinese governance were brought to the fore.
They didn't try to cover up the train accident in China either. The accident was a major news event for days, there was big rescue missions, etc. They also did an investigation on the causes, down to the design, creation and operation of the trains and lines: http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/29/world/asia/design-flaws-ci...
What they also did, which was hasty, and people called them on it, was trying to bury the broken carriages afterwards -- not to somehow hide that the accident happened (that was major news everywhere anyway), but as a clumsy "move on, nothing to see here" gesture.
I do realize that -- in fact it's not that different from what's been going on elsewhere, e.g. where I live. A lot of European countries had a similar story (WWII was 70 years ago, fascist regimes/Juntas in Grece, Portugal and Spain ended like 40 years ago or less, the Eastern bloc collapsed 26 years ago. Romanians that are 40 year old now grew up with Ceausescu and several whole countries didn't exist but as part of Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia.
The didn't jump (no pun intended) from the Great Leap Forward into a weirdly capitalistic country overnight -- this has been going on since the 80s. The author himself was 17 years old when the cultural revolution ended -- he spent most of his life in the transition, not in that era.
Plus all of his "unreal" examples (from restaurants re-using cooking oil, to corrupt higher-ups, to the polygamist official, etc could have happened just as well in 1970 or in 1850 China -- or anywhere else for that matter).
He might have a point -- but not based on his examples. They sound more like a lack of experience with similar things going on in most countries ("it can only happen here") than genuine unreal-ness.
And North America. And Europe.
> Corrupt politicians? We have Presidents and PMs, senators and MPs openly retiring and joining the boards of companies they helped during their political career.
You can't really call it corruption because it's just the system working as designed.
Big business and Big government are intertwined and interdependent. State governments protect and isolate corporations from competition domestically and they use state power to protect 'national interests' internationally. In exchange for this politicians and high level bureaucrats get their cut.
This is something that the state is designed specifically to do. Economic exploitation is the purpose of having centralized government.
People used to be much more honest and aware of this sort of thing. During the era of president Wilson it was common to talk about how it was important for USA to eliminate 'wasteful competition' by consolidating businesses into national-sized entities that could more effectively represent USA interests internationally. It was felt that is USA was allowed to remain a hodge-podge of small to medium competing businesses that it would not be able to compete internationally with other nations.
Nowadays it's a common belief that centralized democratic government is needed to counter the negative effects of corporate avarice instead of realizing that state government is necessary for these 'large corporations' to exist in the first place.
Whether or not this is bad is a matter of perspective.
Not to mention that problems are relative; you think an American balking at finding out their favorite restaurant was closed because of hygiene issues doesn't feel something comparable to a Chinese person who finds out their favorite street vendor used gutter oil? [0]
Also in all of those Western examples you gave, China was much worse off. How can you say that China's situation isn't bad with a straight face? This is a country where the smug is so bad you can't see a few feet ahead of you. Where people who criticize the government can be made to disappear. Where the internet goes through a firewall [1] and is closed off from the rest of the world. [2] Sure, there are many countries worst off, but that doesn't mean we can completely overlook issues with our own countries.
[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gutter_oil
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Firewall
[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websites_blocked_in_mainland_C...
I don't think it's unreasonable to have a strong reaction in either case. But I do agree with the parent commenter that believing this to be unprecedented and "beyond unreal" shows a level of ignorance or naivety that is more remarkable than the event itself.
There are billions of people, including highly successful or educated people, living in a place X all of their lives, while still not understanding it. Do, for example, Trump supporters really understand their country?
>you think an American balking at finding out their favorite restaurant was closed because of hygiene issues doesn't feel something comparable to a Chinese person who finds out their favorite street vendor used gutter oil?
They wouldn't call the whole country "unreal" for that.
>Also in all of those Western examples you gave, China was much worse off. How can you say that China's situation isn't bad with a straight face? This is a country where the smug is so bad you can't see a few feet ahead of you.
Well, there are industrial cities in Europe where it used to be like that. Or the horrible smog in LA in the 70s-80s. And China has been the "factory" of the world for 2 decades, so we've basically outsourced our smog there.
>Where people who criticize the government can be made to disappear.
That has been business as usual in places ranging from Italy, Greece, Portugal and Spain to Mexico for most of the 20th century (and still in the 21st). Not to mention most of Latin America, and often with you know who's support.
>Where the internet goes through a firewall and is closed off from the rest of the world.
Well, if the US was in their place, ie no longer top dog, with another country owning most of the internet's infrastructure and flagship services, and openly meddling in their regional affairs, plus stuffing its culture and political views all over the world, they'd do something like to to. Like they did during McCarthy, where certain tendencies had to be eradicated from mass media, cinema, etc.
I'll take any major difference in scale with several grains of salt, as I believe the developed world is just more sophisticated in hiding that corruption.
>but its own mix of hyper-developed and third world.
So like New York and Mississippi? Or California and South Dakota?
Your blasé phrasing strips away all the context. If Donald Trump was to be outed as a practising Muslim today, it would be unreal (to me a least), but one could equally say: "bah, hypocrite politicians are everywhere" - it still wouldn't make it any less "unreal", in context.
> Corrupt politicians? We have Presidents and PMs, senators and MPs openly retiring and joining the boards of companies they helped during their political career.
None of your corrupt politicians have been discovered with $31 million of cold, hard cash stashed at their lake houses. Seeing a fork-lift hauling 300kg of $100 notes on live TV would be 'unreal'. What's unreal is not the corruption, per se, but the context around it.
From what I can guess, he is from the inside of the system "体制内". So most likely, someone in the system needs to do some more "theoretical" work to prove/claim the advancement of "us" (Chinese). That's it. Don't worry about what it actually delivers, it is way less related than we think. The only difference nowadays is that we can make those propaganda seen by westerners. Even on HN.
http://www.oxfam.org.uk/media-centre/press-releases/2016/01/...
Real dystopia is happening in the Sahel Belt in Africa and Indian countryside and slums. Unhindered population growth just increases people who face food insecurity in these places.
What city were you in, out of curiosity?
Re: The Internet: It doesn't necessitate a new genre anymore than the invention of the telephone did. Good literature incorporates technology just where it's needed to move the plot along and it's all just window dressing over the basic proverbs and parables at the core.
Also... this has been going on in the US for decades.. and if you think China is ultra-unreal, AVOID Japan.