Alvin Toffler, Author of ‘Future Shock,’ Dies at 87
nytimes.com
nytimes.com
If you read their books soon after they are published, you see the world developing trough the the lens of his ideas.
If you first read their books several decades afterwards, you nod in agreement and are amazed how well this kindred spirit writes down what you have had in your mind, without realizing that you have been exposed to his ideas all this time and they are originally his.
I've heard of Verner Vinge being spoken of in similar term btw.
Toffler's the same. I've only read "Future Shock," but his predictions in that book can either seem completely ridiculous and off-base or like someone outside of our present culture giving you the perspective only an outsider can give. Here's some quotes from the book. Remember, these were written in 1970, but I leave it to the reader to decide if these quotes a prescient, insightful, or absurd:
The techno-societies, far from being drab and homogenized, are honeycombed with just such colorful groupings—hippies and hot rodders, theosophists and flying saucer fans, skindivers and skydivers, homosexuals, computerniks, vegetarians, bodybuilders and Black Muslims... Today the hammerblows of the super-industrial revolution are literally splintering the society. We are multiplying these social enclaves, tribes and minicults among us almost as fast as we are multiplying automotive options. The same destandardizing forces that make for greater individual choice with respect to products and cultural wares, are also destandardizing our social structures. This is why, seemingly overnight, new subcults like the hippies burst into being. We are, in fact, living through a "subcult explosion."
.....
One response to the loss of control, for example, is a revulsion against intelligence. Science first gave man a sense of mastery over his environment, and hence over the future. By making the future seem malleable, instead of immutable, it shattered the opiate religions that preached passivity and mysticism. Today, mounting evidence that society is out of control breeds disillusionment with science. In consequence, we witness a garish revival of mysticism. Suddenly astrology is the rage. Zen, yoga, seances, and witchcraft become popular pastimes. Cults form around the search for Dionysian experience, for non-verbal and supposedly non-linear communication. We are told it is more important to "feel" than to "think," as though there were a contradiction between the two.
.....
If a smaller number of families raise children, however, why do the children have to be their own? Why not a system under which "professional parents" take on the childrearing function for others? Raising children, after all, requires skills that are by no means universal. We don't let "just anyone" perform brain surgery or, for that matter, sell stocks and bonds. Even the lowest ranking civil servant is required to pass tests proving competence. Yet we allow virtually anyone, almost without regard for mental or moral qualification, to try his or her hand at raising young human beings, so long as these humans are biological offspring. Despite the increasing complexity of the task, parenthood remains the greatest single preserve of the amateur.
I have more quotes here if anyone is interested in reading more. I apologize for the website style and formatting. It's an old application I wrote for myself to keep notes:
We already have these. We call the system 'schools' and the professionals 'school teachers'
Most people I can think of are also of the past such as Vinge, Marshall McLuhan or Freeman Dyson (who came up with the idea of the Dyson sphere, not the vacuum) who were also brilliant. McLuhan is a joy to read or listen to. He has several interviews on YouTube.
Esther Dyson (Freeman's daughter) and Nicholas Negroponte were others I read growing up along the lines of Toffler. I remember the latter's Being Digital as being profound at the time but passe in today's world since all of the marvels of the future he talks about came to fruition. Negroponte also came up with the One Laptop Per Child which lost it's relevance in a world of smartphones.
Others I thought of were Neal Stephenson (his non-fiction works are awesome, especially In the Beginning... was the Command Line and that book-long article he wrote for Wired about wiring Cambodia). Stephenson's fiction is great too and puts William Gibson to shame when it comes to cyberpunk, but Gibson wrote his prior to the PC era. Rudy Rucker was also quite good at the time but his best non-fiction works such as Infinity and the Mind (a must read for you math geeks) are out of print. I also liked The Tao of Physics by Fritjof Capra a lot growing up.
I looked on Goodreads for authors that are similar to Toffler and while I recognized a couple of them I didn't see anyone worth mentioning.
Toffler's works were mostly dated after the mid 2000's, but predicted the consumer as producer (pro-sumer) culture we live in today and Revolutionary Wealth described how we would make a living with services like Patreon and GoFundMe in such a society.
I recommend everyone read The Third Wave. It provides great historical context for the present machinations of society, the media, and the political machine controlling the masses. Powershift discuss the shift of power to the masses and is also good if you like the idea of the death of the establishment.
Other people that come to mind are Nicholas Carr, Douglas Rushkoff, and Ray Kurzweil.
As for Stephenson, he was writing parodies of cyberpunk, not cyberpunk itself, and unlike Gibson, his work required no foresight of the future because he just had to look around existing geek culture to get his ideas -- online communities and multi-user dungeons already existed by 1992.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vVJrJk3q3MA
(Now that's the thing that no one could predict in 1970. That one day you would be able to summon up a movie with a few keystrokes.)
"and then they became clichés"
as per my comment
This is a good lesson: full comprehension is not immediately necessary but there is a lot future value in plodding through unfamiliar content.
I'm currently reading Kevin Kelly's, the Inevitable, and he's another author with similar power. Kelly in the early nineties was the first to make the connection between software and biology.
E. M. Forster predicted YouTube in the early 20th century Sci-Fi novella, The Machine Stops.
begins with the invention of the barcode
The original Internet of Things.
It is also worth mentioning that he worked in partnership with his wife. One can debate whether she got a fair share of the credit.
But we don't have commonplace human cloning. Or in fact practical human cloning of any kind.
>“The roaring current of change,” he said, was producing visible and measurable affects in individuals that fractured marriages, overwhelmed families and caused “confusional breakdowns” manifested in rising crime, drug use and social alienation.
Aren't those issues mostly caused by the sharp neoliberalization of society?
>He was among the first authors to recognize that knowledge, not labor and raw materials, would become the most important economic resource of advanced societies.
Under what accounting system is that actually true?
>Newt Gingrich, the former Republican speaker of the House, met the Tofflers in the 1970s and became close to them. He said “The Third Wave” had immensely influenced his own thinking and was “one of the great seminal works of our time.”
This does not speak at all well of Toffler's work.
>He advised readers to “concern themselves more and more with general theme, rather than detail.” That theme, he emphasized, was that “the rate of change has implications quite apart from, and sometimes more important than, the directions of change.”
This does not speak at all well for Toffler's work.
The bell tolls and it tolls for us all, but I can't help but wish he'd taken the time to recant some of his more explicitly reactionary work.
Call it a generational difference and also disrespect for the deceased, but being a child of the late '80s who grew up with Gingrich a major figure and "future shock" a commonplace concept, I've reached the 2010s and managed not to be future-shocked because people keep acting on their "future" shock by keeping things largely the same.
Worse, the social problems he was preaching about happened despite the lack of flying cars and techno-singularities, because it turned out they were largely about underlying slow shifts in social conditions anyway rather than about the shock of an ever-accelerating technological change that never happened.
"'X' had ties to a politician I don't like, ergo he sucked. Q.E.D.", is of course a rather ridiculous criticism. Far more importantly though, the time for such criticism is either when 'X' is alive, or when 'X' is brought up in the future. The comments section of an obituary is really not the time.
> Under what accounting system is that actually true?
It's not that controversial idea anymore. See, for example [1]
Contrary to economists from Adam Smith to Karl Marx to Thomas Piketty, our riches cannot be explained by the accumulation of capital, as the misleading word capitalism implies. The Great Enrichment did not come from piling brick on brick, or bachelor's degree on bachelor's degree, or bank balance on bank balance, but from piling idea on idea. The accumulation of capital was of course necessary. But so were a labor force and the existence of liquid water. Oxygen is necessary for a fire. Yet it would be unhelpful to explain the Chicago Fire of October 8–10, 1871, by the presence of oxygen in the earth's atmosphere.
[1] "Bourgeois Equality", Deirdre McCloskey, https://reason.com/archives/2016/05/12/bourgeois-equality
"brick on brick, or bachelor's degree on bachelor's degree, or bank balance on bank balance" does not have anything to do with neither Marx's nor Adam Smith's definition of capital. And both already knew the importance of ideas...
And then I ran across a copy of FutureShock a few months back. I've only skimmed through it and read a few select passages, but what I saw impressed me. I've been doing a great deal of reading on the future and past, and in particular, on past predictions of the future. Many are silly, or specious, or profoundly wide of the mark. Toeffler managed to capture an intersection of technology and psychology in a way that few others had.
He wasn't chasing the starry-eyed dreams of Vannevar Bush and Arthur C. Clarke. He wasn't simply touting the business advantages of endless information. Among other things, Toeffler has one of the earlier discussions of information overload I've seen, one I found quite intelligent and discerning. I'm hoping to have time to go back and dig through his work for more, looking for both his accurate predictions and goofs.
But don't dismiss him out of hand.
That said: your skepticism is refreshing here.