Apple Pay JavaScript Framework
developer.apple.com
developer.apple.com
Service workers are nice but nothing earth-shattering, there are more interesting features in development at the moment: https://webkit.org/status.
According to the list they are also considering implementing service workers so it is not all drama.
Service Workers from what I've seen would consume quite a significant amount of battery life and prevent Safari from sleeping under most conditions.
If you are selling physical goods then you can use apple pay. If you were already in the app store, you would have already been using credit cards (and probably apple pay) to process payments instead of in-app purchases.
If your hybrid app is currently using in-app purchases, then you should still be using in-app purchases.
Interestingly / Ironically / Whateverally, it doesn't cover a ton of other, non-iOS users. This may be a push to Desktop Safari usage, but I am really uninterested in supporting proprietary browser tech, especially when there are competing open standards, doubly-especially when (as the OP mentioned) Safari in particular doesn't seem interested in supporting other open, interesting APIs.
See 2.5.6 here https://developer.apple.com/app-store/review/guidelines/
"2.5.6 Apps that browse the web must use the appropriate WebKit framework and WebKit Javascript."
As for why this is, one can only speculate. There used to be an extremely strict "no interpreted code allowed", which was relaxed to "no interpreted downloaded code", which I think (with the addition of the JavaScriptCore framework and the lack of bans on bundling a LUA interpreter as many games do) has turned into a "no major functionality changes or additions in downloadable code". I guess their main concern was developers publishing app updates outside of the app store review team's oversight.
Besides that, both Firefox and Chrome on OS X are notorious for power usage issues. There's a very good likelyhood that'd be true under iOS as well and the last thing Apple wants is a bunch of users blaming their iDevices for poor battery performance when the issue is actually web engines that are bad at rationing energy.
You're right about power usage though. Even if they did allow third party engines, they wouldn't allow third party JIT compilers (much bigger attack surface, W|X memory protection is gated behind an apple-only entitlement) so those browsers would be second class citizens battery- and performance-wise for sure.