I don't know whether there is any place where people still do this, but in a community where everyone feels they belong and aren't driven to desperation, I could imagine an "open lock" policy working really well.
Everyone locking up their own stuff and blaming people who did not lock theirs down if they get robbed is in itself a form of arms race, which aren't usually optimal.
My parents live out in a rural area, and they never lock their doors, house or car. The odds of someone driving to their house and burglarizing it are just too low to worry about it - and if someone were specifically targeting their house, they could just break a window and get in that way.
In denser areas, however, that logic doesn't make sense; it's trivial to case dozens of houses in five minutes just by driving down a street.