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Does this mean that all code written in pure functional languages is not code, since it does not "do" anything?

It describes calculations or operations, so functional code still seems to perform or describe some actions.

Constraint logic programs seem more of the grey area I think you're talking about. Is a set of constraints "code" (c.f. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Prolog/Solving_a_Logic_Puzzle#... )?

What if I perform calculations with C++ type declarations? C++ templates are Turing-complete after all.

You're confusing declarations with declarative.