they will have to pay royalties to Sepp Hochreiter, the inventor of LSTM (http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=679596...)
Also, the concept of LSTM wouldn't be patentable directly even in the current liberal software patent interpretation, you might patent particular applications of LSTM (e.g. this patent) but not any and all arbitrary applications of LSTM.