Ask YC: what happened around September 2009?
google.com
google.com
shrug
Also note someone posted a picture of him on his Wikipedia page in Sept. '09 which is the first time the page had been touched by a non-bot in 15 months (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lothar_Collatz&...)
(He's also mentioned in the Sept. 2009 issue of the European Mathematical Society Newsletter for what it's worth)
I'd heard about the conjecture once as a Freshman in college and then thrice in the past month - hence, the Google trends search.