The way ILS is set up, all the delicate stuff is on the ground. Imagine two long, thin lobes of radio coverage (like two imaginary cigars) that overlap slightly in the middle. If you can pick them both up you are on the glide slope. If you can only pick up the top lobe you are too high, and if you can only pick up the bottom lobe you are too low. This means the equipment on the plane is very simple (fits into a single-engine aircraft) - if you can pick up the signal at all then you are good to go.
In theory you could even use an omnidirectional receiver, although I would guess that they are somewhat directional just to enhance rejection of spurious signals.
But yeah, landing in a hailstorm with very little visibility is never real fun, but it's what instrument-flight ratings are there for.