"When I talked to drivers, I came to the conclusion that the drivers are paid more than the passengers are charged"

That isn't true in general for an Uber driver. What you might have been seeing is that when Uber goes into a new city they guarantee a minimum amount of pay per hour for a driver during certain times if they are logged into the app accepting fares. It is only a temporary measure until they get established in a local market. Once they stop subsidizing earnings for drivers drop precipitously.