Don't human professional players do exactly this? They care about playing the best move and winning. The difference is that AlphaGo is likely much more accurate at determining what "95% probability of winning" means in terms of gameplay. A human has a harder time judging the eventual outcome of a game, and so plays more "aggressively" (favouring point margins to account for variance in the estimate, etc.) than AlphaGo might.
(Of course, making an AI that understands emotion isn't easy. And happiness by itself is an insufficient goal if we're building ourselves a benevolent overlord.)
I think the writing on the wall is clear, to anyone who cares to take a look. The moment we create an artificial intelligence capable of self-improvement and let it loose, we will have fulfilled our function (others say destiny) and will therefore be obsolete in every sense of the word.
What will happen to humanity after that point is irrelevant.
You don't see humans trying to keep bacteria "in the loop", why expect otherwise from our artificial progeny?
Correctly programming something that takes into account all of the nuances of the human condition might be impossible, and the results of mistakes are uniformly terrifying, but the result is entirely in the hands of humans (and human mistakes).
Bacteria didn't design us. We will design our artificial progeny and so try to keep them friendly. Whether that will work, time will tell.
Formally specifying what we actually wanted is why programmers have a job. And the difficulty of that is why we have bugs. So that's still scary. But it's not the machine's choice in any way
Anyway, yes, it will optimize whatever function it's told to optimize. So you'd better hope that whoever gives it that function 1) cares about people's wellbeing and 2) is good at expressing that in a way the computer can interpret.
1 is pretty obvious, 2 may be a bit less so. For example, a superintelligent computer commanded to maximize global average happiness might decide the best route would be to work towards killing the entire human population except for one individual, who is kept constantly drugged out of their mind.