It all depends on what sort of bind you find yourself in. Having seen both the Hoverfly approach is far preferable, but one approach may be to use AspectJ, create the seam via http and then intercept using Hoverfly. YMMV.
https://opencredo.com/javaone-building-a-microservice-develo...
https://opencredo.com/the-seven-deadly-sins-of-microservices...
I'm also looking for more suggestions of how people will want to use Hoverfly with Java projects, and so please do give me a shout via twitter @danielbryantuk if you have any ideas!
The alternative is to 'screen scrape' the data returned from calling the monolithic application via the interface exposed now. For example, calling a website page, parsing the HTML data returned, and extracting what you require. However, the code/algorithms you have to write are typically complicated, and the resultant code often fragile and highly-coupled