You see this even more in person, when someone clearly lacks the information to back up their claims but defend them nonetheless. It is astounding how easily any of us can revert to the talking points that made us familiar with our viewpoint in the first place, instead of facing the facts that we are wrong and the other person - especially if we don't like them - is correct.
So in the end, the only real way to win an Internet argument is to have more people on your side than your opponent. Because at the end of the day, people are too set in their ways to let a username attached to a block of text change anything.