Distro Astro – Linux Distribution for Astronomy
distroastro.org
distroastro.org
I guess it's nice if you have an PC in some lab, but a general-purpose distro fits most scenarios much better.
They also have different spins for different purpose distros, but that's just specific groups installed on the live media, and the default install will just setup whatever the spin was made for. But you can still get it all using dnf.
There has to be something more than just setting up your own telescope out there, which I couldn't do where I am.
The Fedora groups mentioned by iamtew is probably just as effective thou, if you use Fedora.
Portage has a nice sci-* selection: https://bpaste.net/show/88a217cc325f