Can anyone ELI5 what it means for an open source project to become an Apache project? Why doesn't Google just push the code on Github?
The ASF proposal contains a few different components (SDK and runners) all of which have lived on GitHub for awhile (the proposal has links if you're interested.) If accepted as an incubating project, the code would still live on GitHub like other Apache Incubator projects.
tl;dr/ELI5 The goal is to grow an open community, have consistent (and open) processes, and be part of a larger OSS ecosystem. When projects live on GitHub, the code is open but project processes, etc. may not be.
Donating something to the ASF (Apache Software Foundation) means you lose control and ownership of the copyright.