There are areas where high visibility snow stakes are placed alongside highways for driver and snowplow guidance. Hokkaido puts large downward pointing arrows over snowy highways to mark the shoulder.[1]
Wire guidance systems have been around for years, for industrial robot vehicles. GM put them on their test track for Firebird III in the 1960s. But it's no longer necessary to have even that much infrastructure.
[1] https://www.google.com/maps/@43.9303297,143.8076743,3a,75y,3...
Ford self-driving cars can drive in the snow: http://www.wired.com/2016/01/the-clever-way-fords-self-drivi...
>This doesn’t mean all the problems with autonomous driving in bad weather are solved. Falling rain and snow can interfere with LIDAR and cameras, and safely driving requires more than knowing where you are on a map—you also need to be able to see those temporary obstacles.