I've tried using the gateway published there to send an SMS message to my phone, but my wireless service provider won't accept messages from my email server.
What carrier? Have you attempted it with a gmail account?
AT&T. Doing it with gmail wouldn't solve the problem I have that causes me to want to send SMS messages in the first place, so that's out.
gateways.list is quite useful.
Are there lists that include more carriers (non-US)?
The other question is do any non-US providers have these gateways? Optus and Telstra in Australia don't support this kind of Email-to-SMS (at least, not for free).