Though on the subject of inter-op, Purescript might be what you are looking for if you want a strongly-typed, Haskell-like language, compiled to JS with a less cumbersome foreign function interface.
Your point still stands though, I hope Elm comes up with some good ways to say "trust me I know what I am doing" and "here is some JS, run it".
EDIT: Though it might be that that goes against the whole premise of the language.
Unlike Clojurescript, Elm interacts with your explicitly defined Javascript boundary rather than tries to let you mix it all together in the same soup.
The person you're responding to points out that they were more productive once they refinanced their code to take on some technical debt, but that's always an available trade-off in programming.
I am very tempted to start learning Elm and Purescript. They both seem very elegant languages, but I keep postponing it until there is an IDE with good code completion, to ease the learning curve.