I am guessing by the way you worded your question that you are being at least slightly dismissive of the embedded market. Many people are, but almost everything you touch has a microprocessor that likely is running some C and/or C++ code on it now.
Every cable box usually is C/C++, every DVR, home theater receivers, microwaves, conventional ovens, garage door controllers, hell even that stupid sink faucet you touch to turn on/off is likely running some C code. It is everywhere because it is the one language that is the most transportable and powerful across domains that carries the least amount of baggage with it.
C++ is less likely to be found on the tiny to small chips running things, but you see it more and more where chips can support it. Not to mention, every time you use your cell phone you are using dozens of components, most all written in C/C++ and not all are embedded systems.
All the embedded work I have done has mostly been C with a little more C++ in the recent years, outside of some machine level stuff for highly specialized devices. So just from that, at least in my experience C is the more common, portable and easily worked with language.
Android/Linux is mostly C. Google Search-C++. Web browsers-C++. Java VM is a c++ program. Games-C++.
The only place Java/Ruby/Python/etc has a foot hold is in websites providing crap gimmics that are just wrappers over C/C++ programs. Like uploading a photo or tweet, just providing some glue over all the C/C++ programs that actually do the work.
Howso? Yea, don't do dynamic dispatch in your core performance critical loops, but templates give you a lot of capability to get nice abstractions without major (runtime) performance hits.
ATMs , OS development , cellular networks , lots of industry specific desktop applications for petroleum industry , Cutting machine softwares (lathes , cnc etc) are written in cpp .
The core of the project is C++, along with lots of Lua.