While I wouldn't trade my current smartphone for one of those, I do miss the lack of battery anxiety, and wish the manufacturers would make models for those of us who aren't obsessed with thinness. An iPhone 6 at 5/8" (15mm) would be awesome.
I've been tweaking my Android tablet's code (10" screen), profiling, setting up all of the possible GPU optimizations (whole UI is whenever possible displayed using it) and this is the result.
This is about a one year worth of work but I guess Android engineers don't have time to optimize per device.
You could probably squeeze out the same for any mobile device, although iPhone is probably not that configurable.
Turn off wifi and 3G/4G see how long your smartphone battery lasts. Oh I did this recently with an old phone, it lasts around 4 days as well (and that's with an old battery)
Also a lot of apps abuse smartphone processing updating how many times per minute
But screens and processing power still cost a lot of energy
Hell you should release a mod for whatever tablet you are using, and make a killing.
Added: With Timur's Kernel and some rtc/wakeup/governer tweaks I can get at least 2 weeks on my nexus7.