As someone who's spent the majority of their working life designing CPUs (and the rest designing hardware accelerators for applications where CPUs and GPUs aren't fast enough), I find that when people say something like "If you could make your processor 5% faster with a simple change, why wouldn't you do it?", what's really meant is "if, on certain 90%-ile or 99%-ile best case real-world workloads, you could get a 5% performance improvement for a significant expenditure of effort and your choice of a legacy penalty in the ISA for eternity or a fragmented ISA, why wouldn't you do it?"

And the answer is that it there's a tradeoff. All of the no-brainer tradeoffs were picked clean decades ago, so all we're left with are the ones that aren't obvious wins. In general, if you look at a field an wonder why almost no one has done this super obvious thing for decades, maybe consider that it might be not so obvious after all. At zurn mentioned, there are actually a lot of places where you could get 5% and it doesn't seem worth it. I've worked at two software companies that are large enough to politely ask Intel for new features and instructions; checked overflow isn't even in the top 10 list of priorities, and possibly not even in the top 100.

In the thread you linked to, the penalty is observed to be between 1% and 5%, and even on integer heavy workloads, the penalty can be less than 1%, as demonstrated by the benchmark linked to above. Somehow, this has resulted in the question "If you could make your processor 5% faster ...". But you're not making your processor 5% faster across the board! That's a completely different question, even if you totally ignore the cost of adding the check, which you are.

To turn the question around, if people aren't willing to pay between 0% and 5% for the extra security provided, why should hardware manufacturers implement the feature? When I look at most code, there's not just a 5% penalty, but a one to two order of magnitude penalty over what could be done in the limit with proper optimization. People pay those penalties all the time because they think it's worth the tradeoff. And here, we're talking about a penalty that might be 1% or 2% on average (keep in mind that many workloads aren't integer heavy) that you don't think is worth paying. What makes you think that people would who don't care enough about security to pay that kind of performance penalty would pay extra for a microprocessor that gives has this fancy feature you want?