For example all of the literate style POD6 comments are accessible within a variable as a fully structured tree in the $=pod variable. The 'q' quoting context in the main language allows you to use any matched quote/bracket from unicode as the markers of the start and end of a string or regex, or comments as you've picked up on.
This is super helpful if you want all sorts of weird quotes and brackets inside of a string and still have it interpolated for variables for example.
say q⧚This string has a "'weirdly quoted bit in'"!⧛;
Will print out: This string has a "'weirdly quoted bit in'"!
To see some examples of how extreme you can have these characters be from unicode check out http://xahlee.info/comp/unicode_matching_brackets.html