There is a lot of stuff the human eye cant see that is very interesting. One of the challenges in medical imaging is getting accurate labelling of images. For many labellings we see large inter- and intra-observer variability. We have both the problem that humans see something that is not interesting and miss something that is interesting.

I currently work on estimating emphysema extent in CT lung scans. Emphysema can be very diffuse and it is not possible to label individual pixels, so instead we try to learn the local emphysema pattern from a global label. Neural networks are interesting for this problem because the learn the features, but it is also a "problem" because the features might not make physically sense, which could make it hard to transfer the model and convince clinicians that they should use it.