It's not about only size (though getting something that's 10x-20x smaller is helpful)
It's about getting only what you need, reducing security issues, disk usage, memory usage, etc
the thing is, what do you gain out of using Ubuntu over alpine? chances are that its very little. the gains of using alpine are a more efficient, faster deployment system
*edit: also, downloads don't just happen in a data centre. chances are your (or many) office connections just really... well, are not very good. also, think of Australia. please think of Australia (our internet is something of a dire situation)
When I deploy, I generate the slug using slugbuilder, push it to a local storage on the same network, and each docker task is instructed to pull the "latest" slug from the slug storage. Containers start after a code update in a couple of seconds.
Continuous deployment can be easy achieved by copying slug from staging to production, similar to how pull docker image each time is currently done.
[0] https://github.com/flynn/flynn/tree/master/slugrunner [1] https://github.com/flynn/flynn/tree/master/slugbuilder