As someone who has worked with Palantir and used their products in various, indirect and proxy contexts it gets confusing as to what you can talk about and what you can't depending on god knows what 15 papers you signed to be on the contract which has access to Palantir.

I suspect this is a big part of why people don't talk about it much and why their website is so incredibly vague and, honestly, really terrible at explaining what they do. I found this Quora question and answer which ultimately doesn't really describe what I have interfaced with before https://www.quora.com/What-specifically-does-Palantir-do. Perhaps I simply didn't interact with that part of the product.

Sorry for the semi vague and terrible answer. Briefly looking at some of these videos may be of help as it shows Palantir and other software doing some sort of entity extraction from documents https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3NAVSyfjcDo