Tea (1999)
h2g2.com
h2g2.com
Remember that the British experience with tea dates back only to the 17th century, whereas the Chinese and Japanese have had much longer to refine the growing, processing, and drinking of tea.
All this talk about boiling water must have to do with the pathetic quality of the tea being used, like hotness masks the flavor of inferior saki.
170–200°F = 76.6–93.3°C
212°F = 100°C
http://www.academiaobscura.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/RS...
They recommend using boiling water as well. Harold McGee's Keys to Good Cooking recommends water just off the boil for black tea, but cooler water for oolong and green teas.
A cheap blended tea such as you'd find in a tea bag of PG Tips are much better at brewing (in seconds!) from non-boiling water.
Also, the OP was incorrect; there are no tannins in tea. Bitter & astringent flavors in tea are caused by a different group of polyphenols (primarily catechins in green teas and theaflavins/thearubigens in black). Polyphenols bind with salivary proteins that reduce salivary lubrication. Since both temperature and steep time determine what gets extracted from the tea and how much, it's important to get both right to get the flavor right.
And particularly on HN, it is odd that the 'plucky newcomer' is considered worse in quality by simple years-of-seniority. Isn't this site all about how the plucky newcomers come in and show the old dogs new tricks?
I eventually grew so annoyed with my teapot that I've let the leaves bloom directly in the pot, and then put the sieve/filter into my cup, so that it will catch any leaves before I lift it out.
Edit: http://www.amazon.com/Online-Stores-Inc-Tstr-Strainer/dp/B00... more traditional
That said, this thing is friggin magical: http://www.teavana.com/us/en/teaware/tea-makers/teavana-32-o...
Huge plastic ( or metal ) basket that fills almost the whole teapot. Perfect for European style brewing of green tea, flowering teas, black tea, and all sort of brewing habit ( leave the leaves in, remove them, multiple steeps ... )
Not good for pu erh or asian style brewing in general. But if you are into that, you already know what to use.
http://www.forlifedesign.com/shop/index.php?main_page=produc...
I've had one of the single cup strainers for a few years. They're durable, easy to clean, and sit perfectly in most mugs.
Unfortunately, finding a good quality kyusu in the US isn't so easy. Daiso used to stock them, but they seem to have stopped.
I now run a flavor profiling and quality intelligence company based off my research in the Institute.
[0] "Projects in Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence on Tea" ~ http://www.cultofquality.com/index.php/2015/05/projects-in-m...
Thanks!
Radio Carbon dating is used for authenticating rare vintages of wine[0], but it's a minor test for the most part.
In modern wine collecting, almost all of the fakes are focused around a few _Gran Cru_ lots of small vineyards, like chateau lafite or Petrus.
It's actually not that hard to find wine from the 60's through 70's (or earlier. Counterfeiters use real lesser wine from the right time period, and forge the label and bottle - assuming they can't find an empty bottle from the actual production run! These wines easily sells for upwards of ~$10,000 to 3 - 4 x that.
So radio carbon dating is only marginally useful in wine; you need to use stable isotope ecology to see if the vintage matches the right terroir[1].
To make it even harder, most of the top vintages of French wine illegally imported grapes from neighboring regions to increase their complexity and overall flavor - this was a known but secret practice for about ~100 years, and since the French AOC[2] cracked down on it, there are concerns that modern wine lacking this complexity from blending will not age as well over ~20+ years.
I hope this information is helpful!
[0] http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/201...
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terroir
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appellation_d'origine_contr%C3...
My ideal tea is Earl Gray with lemon. Put a teabag in a cup with a tiny slice of lemon (DO NOT peel off the skin, it's blasphemy). Pour boiling water into the cup, wait 15 seconds, squeeze the teabag and lemon with a spoon and chuck them. Good luck :)
You don't have to warm up the cup, just pour the boiling water straight away. When water reaches tea it has around 95°C (204F).
Tea from warm water is indeed disgusting. Not a big fan of tea with milk, although it work with Chai(especially Chai on milk).
PS never use sugar!
If you look up ‘tea’ in the first cookery book that comes
to hand you will probably find that it is unmentioned; or
at most you will find a few lines of sketchy instructions
which give no ruling on several ofthe most important
points.
This is curious, not only because tea is one of the main
stays of civilization in this country, as well as in
Eire, Australia and New Zealand, but because the best
manner of making it is the subject of violent disputes.
When I look through my own recipe for the perfect cup of
tea, I find no fewer than eleven outstanding points. On
perhaps two of them there would be pretty general
agreement, but at least four others are acutely
controversial. Here are my own eleven rules, every one of
which I regard as golden:
• First of all, one should use Indian or Ceylonese tea.
China tea has virtues which are not to be despised
nowadays — it is economical, and one can drink it without
milk — but there is not much stimulation in it. One does
not feel wiser, braver or more optimistic after drinking
it. Anyone who has used that comforting phrase 'a nice
cup of tea' invariably means Indian tea.
• Secondly, tea should be made in small quantities — that
is, in a teapot. Tea out of an urn is always tasteless,
while army tea, made in a cauldron, tastes of grease and
whitewash. The teapot should be made of china or
earthenware. Silver or Britanniaware teapots produce
inferior tea and enamel pots are worse; though curiously
enough a pewter teapot (a rarity nowadays) is not so bad.
• Thirdly, the pot should be warmed beforehand. This is
better done by placing it on the hob than by the usual
method of swilling it out with hot water.
• Fourthly, the tea should be strong. For a pot holding a
quart, if you are going to fill it nearly to the brim,
six heaped teaspoons would be about right. In a time of
rationing, this is not an idea that can be realized on
every day of the week, but I maintain that one strong cup
of tea is better than twenty weak ones. All true tea
lovers not only like their tea strong, but like it a
little stronger with each year that passes — a fact which
is recognized in the extra ration issued to old-age
pensioners.
• Fifthly, the tea should be put straight into the pot.
No strainers, muslin bags or other devices to imprison
the tea. In some countries teapots are fitted with little
dangling baskets under the spout to catch the stray
leaves, which are supposed to be harmful. Actually one
can swallow tea-leaves in considerable quantities without
ill effect, and if the tea is not loose in the pot it
never infuses properly.
• Sixthly, one should take the teapot to the kettle and
not the other way about. The water should be actually
boiling at the moment of impact, which means that one
should keep it on the flame while one pours. Some people
add that one should only use water that has been freshly
brought to the boil, but I have never noticed that it
makes any difference.
• Seventhly, after making the tea, one should stir it, or
better, give the pot a good shake, afterwards allowing
the leaves to settle.
• Eighthly, one should drink out of a good breakfast cup
— that is, the cylindrical type of cup, not the flat,
shallow type. The breakfast cup holds more, and with the
other kind one's tea is always half cold before one has
well started on it.
• Ninthly, one should pour the cream off the milk before
using it for tea. Milk that is too creamy always gives
tea a sickly taste.
• Tenthly, one should pour tea into the cup first. This
is one of the most controversial points of all; indeed in
every family in Britain there are probably two schools of
thought on the subject. The milk-first school can bring
forward some fairly strong arguments, but I maintain that
my own argument is unanswerable. This is that, by putting
the tea in first and stirring as one pours, one can
exactly regulate the amount of milk whereas one is liable
to put in too much milk if one does it the other way
round.
• Lastly, tea — unless one is drinking it in the Russian
style — should be drunk without sugar. I know very well
that I am in a minority here. But still, how can you call
yourself a true tealover if you destroy the flavour of
your tea by putting sugar in it? It would be equally
reasonable to put in pepper or salt. Tea is meant to be
bitter, just as beer is meant to be bitter. If you
sweeten it, you are no longer tasting the tea, you are
merely tasting the sugar; you could make a very similar
drink by dissolving sugar in plain hot water.
Some people would answer that they don't like tea in
itself, that they only drink it in order to be warmed and
stimulated, and they need sugar to take the taste away.
To those misguided people I would say: Try drinking tea
without sugar for, say, a fortnight and it is very
unlikely that you will ever want to ruin your tea by
sweetening it again.
These are not the only controversial points to arise in
connexion with tea drinking, but they are sufficient to
show how subtilized the whole business has become. There
is also the mysterious social etiquette surrounding the
teapot (why is it considered vulgar to drink out of your
saucer, for instance?) and much might be written about
the subsidiary uses of tealeaves, such as telling
fortunes, predicting the arrival of visitors, feeding
rabbits, healing burns and sweeping the carpet. It is
worth paying attention to such details as warming the pot
and using water that is really boiling, so as to make
quite sure of wringing out of one's ration the twenty
good, strong cups of that two ounces, properly handled,
ought to represent.There are so many different flavours that black tea can be, no two brands taste the same, if you really want to enjoy it though avoid supermarket tea bags they are so very dull.
For teapot and loose leaf, there are a number of other things to consider like whether the pot is cold/lukewarm and how to handle the leaves, etc.
Equally important: most off-brand teas in the U.S. are low quality. Lipton in America != Lipton in England/Australia. Also, (as someone mentioned) Earl Grey is actually on the milder end of black teas and may not be a good starter compared to typical Breakfast/Afternoon type teas. In short, Green tea is more aromatic, Black tea has a stronger flavor with a nice finish in the better blends. Earl Grey is more in the middle along with "Gunpowder Green".
Tastings are organized into flights, e.g. a flight of black teas, or oolongs, or greens and whites.
In fact the truth of the matter is that most English people don't know how to
make tea any more either, and most people drink cheap instant coffee instead,
which is a pity, and gives Americans the impression that the English are just
generally clueless about hot stimulants.
When you're using water that's 212 degrees, and measuring by teaspoon rather than weight, and suggesting porcelain will hold the heat the longest, yes, I think you're clueless about making tea. Bring the kettle back up to the boil, and then pour the boiling water as
quickly as you can into the pot. Let it stand for two or three minutes,
and then pour it into a cup.
Higher than 208 degrees, with typical black teas, you're just accelerating the steep time. Here he steeps for up to 3 minutes because the water was hotter; at 208, you'd steep 5 minutes on average. Some people will tell you that you shouldn't have milk with Earl Grey, just
a slice of lemon. Screw them. I like it with milk.
THEN YOU'RE NOT DRINKING TEA! YOU'RE DRINKING A TEA LATTE!..... Sorry. I just get upset when ignorant westerners think they're experts about foreign food. Next thing you know they'll claim they've mastered curry or something.
Why get upset about it? There's no ignorance to liking what you like.