How Your Brain Decides Without You (2014)
nautil.us
nautil.us
-Alan Watts, Way of Zen
"How Our Brains Think Your Brain Decides Without You"
Even when this regression is finite, it has a name: anxiety.
Essentially, Achilles says "A, therefore Z." Tortoise says, "Well, suppose I don't see the connection here, you have some symbols on this side and some symbols on that side, could you help me?" So Achilles modifies this to, "A, and A implies Z, therefore Z." And the Tortoise says, "well, that sounds very good and I trust your proof that A implies Z but I'm still not seeing the connection here. Could you help me connect those left hand things to the right hand thing?" So Achilles modifies this to "A, and A implies Z, and (A and A implies Z) implies Z, therefore Z." And the Tortoise says, "aha, of course '(A and A implies Z) implies Z' ... but wait, now that I've written that down, I again don't see the connection here...". Essentially the point is that our generic rule that replaces "x and x implies y" with "x and y" is a process which lives outside the declarative scope of formal logic. (In the Curry-Howard isomorphism: you can have a value of type `x` and a function which turns values of type `x` into values of type `y`, but these are definitions, and there is no way to capture the true process of applying the function to the value -- just another declaration of another function which has type `x → (x → y) → y` which is by itself never involved in a process.)
(As an amateur physicist, I hasten to remind everyone that Zeno won in the end; there is a context which Zeno could have never foreseen where a Zeno paradox makes a certain kind of motion impossible. The reason nobody can travel faster than light is that if you take your spaceship and try to race a light beam, first you throw down a beacon, and then you accelerate to speed c/2 relative to that beacon -- in your shiny new reference frame, due to the constancy of the speed of light in inertial reference frames, the light beam is still moving at speed c away from you.)
There are a lot of valuable insights from this kind of research but right now it's hard to know which are the valuable ones and which ones are just air.
This experience made me think in what state my mind will be at later ages. I'm quite young now, and I've heard from so many people that at later ages one's thought process is not as fluid or creative as it is in youth. It made me think of all these moments of brillance I've had the pleasure of experiencing will vanish as I age. I'm speaking of arriving at solutions to problems without consciously thinking about them, like all of the sudden the solution just pops in your head and, comparing to the state that you are in, moments ago, having no clue what to do with the problem at hand, suddenly you precisely know what to do. I have done nothing to achieve or deserve this trait, but still, knowing that it will be taken away some time later and having no control over the process, is depressing.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience_of_free_will#Over...
Why do you think that? Speak for yourself.
The foundation of human society is transmission of knowledge and skills. We spend a great deal of our time learning from others, which involves correction based on observation of others as well as instruction from others.
When people are receptive to being corrected, they are very good at being corrected. When they resist being corrected, they are very bad at it. Why do they resist? Probably because we often find ourselves in social situations where accepting criticism from others is considered submissive and a penalty to social standing.
People who consider each other equals tend to be very receptive to mutual correction.
People who are vying to be the dominant one in a relationship are very hostile towards being corrected.
Why do you think that?
I don't, actually; I think I'm awesome at being corrected and just happen to be right most of the time. Fortunately I'm often able to catch my biased, subconscious reactions before I say anything.
I like to question things to the point of it might loo like I dislike being corrected, but I am just digging for more information to prove me wrong. I like to make an analogy on scratching on a old flesh-wound with dried blood. It's gross to people around you, but satisfying to yourself, because you enjoy the pain.
Sure, why not? Games are just a simulation of something, and an AI assist removes some of the user-interacting parts of that simulation.
You don't need to manually reload your weapon in Counterstrike, nor do you need to worry about where to place your feet. Similarly, you don't need to pathfind for your units in Starcraft, nor do you need to manually fetch every single resource.
99.9% of activities which brain controls are "non-verbal", which means have nothing to do with the prefrontal cortex, Wernicke's areas, etc.
To put it simply, almost everything is non-verbal (doesn't require your self). We grossly overemphasize importance of that You we are obsessed with.
"All boundaries are merely useful fictions." -Buckminster Fuller
Here the links to them for those who are interested: ('Where Am I?') http://www.newbanner.com/SecHumSCM/WhereAmI.html ('Self as a Center of Gravity') http://cogprints.org/266/1/selfctr.htm
The first one is a (fictional) story many people here might be interested in so I highly recommend it. If you are still interested read the second which delves deeper into personal identity but without the story.
s/activities/known &/
It's literally one of the most fascinating books I've ever read that completely changed my view on a lot of things. I wish there were an updated version based on more recent research.
How can you possibly know that.
In general I think we are still adjusting to what science tells us about who "we" are.
For example, we know we're animals. As animals, we experience a concept of "self." So why would we assume that no other animals experience a concept of self?
We know that the mind arises from the brain. So why would we make a distinction between our concept of self and the "other" parts of the brain? The title of the above article is essentially clickbait, in my opinion. There is no scientific basis for distinguishing between the brain and the self.
Self comes with language acquisition, which rewires the brain. That's why almost no one remember their baby days, it seems.
Before that language conditioning you are a perfect animal.)
Looking up the wiki article, it seems most animals don't pass the mirror test of self-awareness although few have (such as primates, dolphins, magpies).The mirror-test has been criticized by some as human-centric approach which could give false negatives meaning possibly more animals could be self-aware.
Your connecting of awareness and language is interesting. Do you have any sources to look at (articles, books ,etc)? Quite interesting field really.
Thanks.
I agree that an unqualified sweeping statement - possibly just regurgitated from various religious sources - shouldn't be blindly accepted. That sort of religiously-prescribed attitude also conveniently justifies maltreatment of animals at slaughter, even though research suggests that, e.g. the slitting of an animal's throat causes far greater suffering rather other more modern approaches.
This article is basically a fluff entertainment piece for people who just enjoy reading for the sake of it and want to feel smart for it when they're done.
And yet, you did the same thing for your comment.
Anyway, your preferred style of writing does exist and its called a research paper. Thankfully, the world is big enough to accmodate other styles of writing.
I don't have much of an opinion on the rest of the article.
If you are not your brain, who are you?
And if you are into it: The sum of all your connections to others and the traces you leave in their minds.
We have a slightly bizarre illusion of separate consciousness, but it's impossible to grow into a full adult human without being connected - in many different ways - to the wider human network.
Have you read Origins of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral mind? A psychologist analyzes historical signs of "consciousness", like the transition in the Ilyad of men's motivations shifting from parts of their bodies & god puppeters to their "will".
One of his interesting conclusions is that schizophrenic voices were these connections, or in hackerspeak, daemons or programs running. With so many programs competing for attention at once, the "consciousness" program was formed to "decide" how to spend its newly alloted attention.
Peter Watts, marine biologist, explores this in his Firefall series (fiction) - the idea of consciousness arising out of conflict. It fits nicely with the folk wisdom that in "Flow", there is no sense of self.
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0618057072? : Origins of Consciousness http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0765328038 : Sci-fi featuring Consciousness as conflict as a central theme
.. why do I feel like this exact discussion has been repeated on HN before? Like different neurons of the HN-brain are running across this idea of "automatic decision making" and sending it up to the neo-cortex (front page), again, and again..
this article is a month old, so maybe it went away?