There is a
gigantic amount of closed-source freeware available on the App Store. Literally hundreds of thousands of apps. Roughly zero of which have had any security scrutiny. Apple's review process only checks user-visible behavior. (Edit: and a quick check for private API use, which is not user-visible, but nor is it relevant to security.)
If iOS's app sandbox is inadequate, then those are all threats too, but Apple doesn't seem to mind them. If the sandbox is adequate, then apps like f.lux are safe even if intended to be malicious.
Apple's position is only really understandable if they don't understand their own technology. Which considering who is probably making these decisions could very well be true.