tcpdump is just for filtering and capture. BPF allows dropping packets based on complex matching rules.

I would say that BPF is closer to iptables rules then tcpdump.

Quote from the README: .... The aim of this tool is to help creating BPF rules that will match (and drop) malicious traffic.

I haven't used BPF before, because I haven't had a need to yet. But I have been very interested in BPF for some time now. I hope more tools are made to make it easier to use BPF.