Firefox on iOS
https://appsto.re/ca/-LZ_6.i
Or, you decide Apple is never going to let your engine on the App store, and then you just include the JIT. The enforcement is done at time of submission to the app store, not at runtime. IIRC, you can just call a certain function to mark a memory region as writable or executable, but Apple detects this call statically.
I further wonder if you could just distribute binaries, outside of the app store, and your users would have $99 developer accounts, and run a little script to "build their project with XCode", signing and installing it to their device?