Here in Massachusetts, it used to be the case that stop signs had to be individually approved by the state. At some point, the towns were allowed to make the determination—and they frequently put them up as illegal traffic calming devices because that is what's the locals want (and most our towns have direct democracy).
"In the UK, stop signs may be placed only at sites with severely restricted visibility, and each must be individually approved by the Secretary of State for Transport."
They are rare, I can only think of one in the county my parents live in. (No doubt there are a few more, but on all the routes we often used when I was a child, there was only one.)
[1] https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachm...
The one near my mum's house is on a junction where the 500+ year old building on the corner is very close to the road (which you can see as you approach), and where the building bulges out round the corner (which you can't see — roll through the junction from that direction and you don't have time to see if it's clear).