Graffiti on ‘Homeland,’ Unnoticed by Producers, Calls Show Racist
nytimes.com
nytimes.com
It's a risky proposition and not guaranteed to work most of the time.
From the show's creator & executive producer: "We wish we’d caught these images before they made it to air. However, as Homeland always strives to be subversive in its own right and a stimulus for conversation, we can’t help but admire this act of artistic sabotage.” [0]
[0] http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2015/oct/15/homeland...
(edited for clarity)
If you ever needed proof of the adage that capitalism will co-opt even the most accurate and stinging criticism of it, here it is.
The show was criticized as being racist and so the show appropriated that message (by hiring the "street artists" and instructing them to "go rogue") in order to sell more of the show.
The producers know that if they publicly complained they would be torn apart on social media and in the press.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melrose_Place#GALA_Committee
If I were a producer of the show I might go so far as to actually discuss this issue with the (graffiti) artists on camera, so long as they agreed to be reasonable and collegial about it.
One of the great opportunities for the producers is to shine a light on the show not being particularly racist, but that characters might be - a little.
Having said that, it sounds difficult.
I think the best example of this is The Americans, which stops just short of making the FBI look stupid while kind of raising its eyebrows at the then-prominent "evil empire" narratives. The ...constraints of Soviet political culture are also shown well.
But the craft level of "The Americans" is extremely high.
I have to admit that I haven't seen the show yet not even a single shot and I could say too that I have a very thick skin when it comes to "cultural insensitivities" in TV drama or real life.
So, I don't have any problem with media, cinema or drama depicting characters from our region, the Middle East, or ones that share the same cultural background even in very negative and unflattering light.
However, I must say that it's really alarming that not even a single person of the whole crew of the show has a 3rd grade proficiency level of the Arabic language to be able to read and grasp a two word phrase, esp. when the show prides itself on offering their audience deep insight into the characters, their mindsets, their psychological profile that they portray on screen, or that is what I at least was able to collect from the scattered and random reviews that I came across online recently.
EDIT: For clarification and more input.
[0] - http://static01.nyt.com/images/2015/10/16/world/middleeast/1...
[0] http://www.hebaamin.com/arabian-street-artists-bomb-homeland...
As with your argument that anti-authoritarian messages are best suited to despotic regimes, from what I was able to gather about this show, I found that it's very controversial and some people believe that the producers constantly push and glamorize a mass-surveillance state and a clueless, extensive, and all-out Bush's style "War on Terrorism", I guess the artists with their act were in the ballpark of opposing and protesting tyrannical regimes as you put it when they attacked one of the propaganda channels of America's Neo-Conservatives with their political message according to at least the prevailing analysis by the proponents of this stunt.
My point about the courageousness of doing something like that under a despotic regime was not to say that is the only way to be courageous - my main point was that, if your bacon isn't on the line, it probably isn't courageous. For an example within the american system, even though I don't quite agree with all his choices, what Snowden did was courageous, because he had to literally flee the country for what he did.
You should see also how France and French are depicted in US comedies and TV series. Usually people are dressed like in the 50's, streets filled with cars of the 50's, hotels are filthy, and actors speak some words of French that is barely understandable. I don't see such stereotypical clichés with England.
Not speaking Arabic is a grey area -- not all Muslims are Arabic, despite the fact that the Quran is written in Arabic and only canonical in that language. There are millions and millions of Muslims who do not speak Arabic, and rely on their clergy to teach them the Quran.
While it's apparently not the case here, the absence of an arabic-speaking component on the production team does not necessarily preclude a Muslim component on a production team.
Arab is more or less as descriptive as French is.
There are no races in the human species. Claiming otherwise without providing strong scientific proof is what racism actually is.
Nationality and ethnicity likewise exist as related, but usually distinct, cultural constructs to race, and we have different names for bigotry based on them. Though, obviously, the distinction between these forms of bigotry is somewhat nitpicky, and often not meaningful, and a lot of time "racism" is used broadly to refer to bigotry based on race, ethnicity, or nationality.
That's like saying that aliens exist as a cultural construct. Let's not mix reality and widely shared fantasies.
How would you call the unscientific belief that races exist in the human species, if not "racism"?
> a lot of time "racism" is used broadly to refer to bigotry based on race, ethnicity, or nationality
True, just like "vagina" is used to refer to the vulva. Errors need to be pointed out, not accepted in silence, even if the hoi polloi will make you pay for it.
No, its not. Its more like saying color exists as a product of perception. Races are a categorization, categorizations do not inherently exist at all, they exist as products of mind only.
> How would you call the unscientific belief that races exist in the human species, if not "racism"?
If by that you mean the unscientific belief that the cultural perception of race has a direct correspondence to inherent biological feature of humans, I'd call it something like "the erroneous belief in biological race".
Its pretty much logically orthogonal to racism; racists are probably more likely to believe that biological race is a thing than non-racists, but its quite possible to be a racist without believing in biological race (if it weren't, bigotry against, e.g., nationality -- which doesn't have the problem of people mistaking for an inherent biological trait -- wouldn't be a thing. Heck, bigotry based on sexual orientation seems to be inversely correlated with the belief that it is an inherent biological feature.)
> Errors need to be pointed out, not accepted in silence, even if the hoi polloi will make you pay for it.
Well, yes, that's why I am pointing out the error of your mistaken confusion of the erroneous perception that race is an inherent biological feature with "racism", a term which has always referred to belief in the superiority or inferiority of particular races, not belief in the biological inherency of race.
I think sets (for example) probably have a real existence, in a sense.
some of the categories we choose might not have anything special about them to mark them as any more real than other categories that we would see as arbitrary, but that wouldn't mean that they aren't real, just that they aren't more real.
But maybe the ontology of abstract objects isn't very relevant here.
Also, I don't mean to say that the categories we use are all arbitrary, just that even the ones which are arbitrary (if any) I think still exist.
Also, I don't right now present any argument for why I believe what I do about abstract objects. I'm just stating beliefs that I have, and which your post seemed(?) to assume something that contradicts.
They do, after you define objective criteria for clustering the objects in a set. For biological race, the main criterium would reveal a genotype-level clustering that matches the phenotype differences - and we see this in dogs, but not in humans.
To be fair, they could also be simply trading on whatever happens to be in the news. If you open a newspaper / watch the news, most of what you will see about the region can be summed up by 'crazy islamists killing people, threaten America with annihilation'.
Homeland isn't a documentary. Its a dramatic show about national security and as such it will probably not paint a realistic picture of the average Muslim, because average Muslims aren't really what its supposed to portray. The same way professional wresting doesn't portray the average man's body or reality tv about wealthy people doesn't portray the average person's lifestyle.
True, but I don't feel it's not enough for Homeland's producers, or anyone, to say 'it's not our problem'. We all live in a community and are responsible for taking care of it and for the consequences of what we do. "No man is an island."
People absorb their views of the world from TV, in part. With widespread prejudice against people who believe in Islam, portraying stereotypes of that prejudice worsens a dangerous situation. Many, many very bad things in history have resulted and are resulting from that kind of prejudice. It's similar to portraying all black skinned people on TV as drug dealers; many people, seeing only stereotypes, come to believe them.
> The Globe and Mail reported that Scalia came to the defense of Jack Bauer and his torture tactics during an Ottawa conference of international jurists and national security officials last week. During a panel discussion about terrorism, torture and the law, a Canadian judge remarked, “Thankfully, security agencies in all our countries do not subscribe to the mantra ‘What would Jack Bauer do?’ ”
> Justice Scalia responded with a defense of Agent Bauer, arguing that law enforcement officials deserve latitude in times of great crisis. “Jack Bauer saved Los Angeles . . . . He saved hundreds of thousands of lives,” Judge Scalia reportedly said. “Are you going to convict Jack Bauer?” He then posed a series of questions to his fellow judges: “Say that criminal law is against him? ‘You have the right to a jury trial?’ Is any jury going to convict Jack Bauer?”
> “I don’t think so,” Scalia reportedly answered himself. “So the question is really whether we believe in these absolutes. And ought we believe in these absolutes.”
Seems like the local education system has failed if people can't think critically or rationally. Blaming the arts is wrong and only treats the symptom. Do you believe that all information needs to be carefully controlled so that people don't get the wrong ideas? If so, what are you doing on an open/liberal/libertarian forum like HN then? Anyone can post anything here, pretty much. Seems to me that you're going your own advice by being present here.
EDIT: Thanks for the down votes, the truth is a bitter pill to swallow, isn't it?
The simple facts are that we have a huge amount of ignorance in the audience for this show, this show takes advantage of that (it is targeted to folks who are not informed about the places and people and groups depicted, otherwise it wouldn't take such extreme artistic license with them) and will have an effect on the views of its audience.
It doesn't matter what society we'd like to live in or how that might play out in theory.
My point goes back to personal responsibility. Whose fault is it if you're surrounded by flammables labeled appropriately? The analogy is that this is labeled as a "TV show" not a documentary.
It doesn't matter if something is fiction, the reality is that fiction has a great impact on its audience, and that impact comes with proportional responsibility.
It does not matter what ideal rational actors should theoretically do when it comes to managing their opinions and knowledge about the world in the face of fiction, we don't have any of those.
We don't get to pretend society works a particular way, just so we can justify bad television that uses real places and real names of groups in a farcical way because it's capitalizing on a contemporary societal phenomenon of fear and ignorance of those things.
No, we trust fiction-based-on-reality to have a semblence of reality to it and to not be blatently racist. That's a cultural evolution we've developed. We are criticizing a show for not being what it should be. That's our responsibility as viewers, and we're fulfilling it.
Because they aren't democratically elected public officials, they're just making a TV show from private funding. And watching the TV show is optional.
> If a company poisons the local reservoir with their chemical run-off, are they morally able to say, "Well, they shouldn't have drank that water. They knew they lived near a chemical plant."
That's a violation of environmental laws; how is this analogy applicable to a TV show? Would you propose to curtail the right to free speech? It's a TV show, not real life.
We can and should discuss whether something is ethical, and we can and should advocate for legal ways of opposing such things, like publicly criticizing it, boycotting the show, etc.
We're not talking about the viewers of the show, we're talking about the people (Muslims, Arabs, etc) who are affected by the people who choose to watch the show -- that is, the impact on the culture that racism has.
>Would you propose to curtail the right to free speech?
We already do. The FCC does this. But I'm not suggesting that there be a law against it -- though other countries have gone this route -- I'm critizing the production of the television show. For being racist.
>It's a TV show, not real life.
Ah, but here we are: it is real life for millions of Muslims. Remember after 9/11 when Sikhs got beat up because people thought they were Muslims? Remember in the 60s when a black man couldn't get a hotel room in Atlanta?
We know that television and media have an impact on people, their opinions, and how they treat others. The people who broadcast that content have a moral responsibility to use that power in a way that does not negatively impact a single group.
Edit: since we reached our limit here:
>So one of the solutions to solving fundamental societal problems is to criticize a TV show?
Sure has worked for gay people. The public opinion turnaround time for gay marriage has been astoundingly fast. Television featuring strong portrayals of gay people certainly helped.
I agree, but I don't agree that this is the problem of the show's creators.
> Ah, but here we are: it is real life for millions of Muslims. Remember after 9/11 when Sikhs got beat up because people thought they were Muslims? Remember in the 60s when a black man couldn't get a hotel room in Atlanta?
So one of the solutions to solving fundamental societal problems is to criticize a TV show?
If someone fails to distinguish between reality and fiction, that may be their fault.
But if you know that many people are unable to properly distinguish the two, and you do something that you know may lead those to hurt innocent bystanders, don't you have some responsibility if the expected happens?
No, but nor should it be free from criticism.
And I can totally see why Lebanese would be pissed off at seeing Hamra street completely misrepresented in that way.
And even if the show isn't supposed to depict "average Muslims", do you really think all the viewers of the show will get that nuance? If all of the Arab/Iranian/Pakistani characters in the show (and the show doesn't seem to make much a distinction) are painted with a broad brush, that sends a certain kind of message to viewers.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2014/10/02/...
http://www.hebaamin.com/arabian-street-artists-bomb-homeland...
https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2014/10/02/...
Isn't strongly leaning on lazy stereotypes a form of intentional racism? It may not be with malice, but it is an intentional choice to use those lazy stereotypes.
So characters start out as nuanced and then become more one dimensional towards the end of the season. Also they need to deliver twists and shocks.
So it's not exactly stupidity but it's not really intentional either.
[1] http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/homeland-writer-produc...
They somehow managed to show that terrorists were manipulated by some higher interests , and were no more than "useful idiots". But it never painted the whole Muslim community as terrorist , nor does Homeland. It's always more about US policies and its consequences than anything else.
If we put the "racist" label on everything a little bit controversial then the word itself becomes void of any meaning.
I enjoyed watching the show until they dropped that plot twist, then I rolled my eyes and quit. It's concerning because viewers who are less informed about the actual alignment of powers in the middle east may take the show's plot line as being inspired by reality, when it's fact it's far from it.
If you read many of the antics documented in compendiums like sniggle.net, they can be remarkably crafty and intricate, so I think they would count. Particularly someone like Dick Tuck is doubtlessly a hacker.
This is plain and simple activism (or sabotage, it depends whose side you are on). No need for fancy words and one-item-categories.
Also, when you're portraying a minority, the effect of your work will be different. If you live in the US, chances are excellent that you know a variety of white people well. Some are good, some are bad.
Chances are much worse that you know Muslims or Middle Eastern immigrants well. Muslims are one of the most discriminated against minorities in the US, and there's some shocking witch-hunt-esque rhetoric coming from the conservative right that makes it even more problematic.
I'm not saying that a TV show is responsible for righting society's wrongs (or even contradicting stereotypes), but they can certainly make small narrative tweaks to portray people as people, rather than flat stereotypes. It makes the show better, too.
Other countries' media's lack of nuance is no excuse for Western media's lack of nuance.
2) The people persecuting Christians in (some of) the Middle East aren't the same people facing persecution here. It's unfair to assume they're guilty of bigotry just because someone else who shares their religion is. Should we assume all Catholics molest children because some do? Are all Protestants members of the Klan?
3) I'm from the US, and I'm not bigoted toward Muslims or Christians (nor do I belong to either group). I'm neither pot nor kettle, so your nonsensical comment means even less to me.
[0] http://news.sky.com/video/1570367/homeland-hacked-by-arab-ar...
[0] - http://static01.nyt.com/images/2015/10/16/world/middleeast/1...
So while I don't want to give Homeland a free ride, it'd be too much to expect more from the show.
It's also an excellent example of propaganda.
I get it though, take a powerful word with negative connotations and use it to put your target on the defensive, no matter how tangential the connection. Kind of like being called a "commie" in the 20th century.
This also shows in how Israel regulates its immigration: both people with ethnically Jewish roots (at least one of your grandparents) and people of Jewish belief where ethnic roots hadn't been established at that time (biggest example: Ethiopian Jews) are accepted and granted citizenship.
Conversion of people to Judaism are relatively rare, and are really a more recent phenomenon. Jews don't proselytize and often discourage conversion. Samaritans, the "sister" religion of Judaism (both derive from the Israelites from before the destruction of the first temple), are similar but even more extreme in that. How more tribalistic than that can you get?
Jewish culture as such is certainly interwoven with Judaism, but becoming increasingly syncretic. Look at the large number of hilonim in Israel.
Unsure of this myself, I have googled and found that some writers with prominent search ranks say that Jews were always considered to be a race until after the holocaust. I still don't think it's remotely correct to say "synonymous" even here.
"Othering" is far more general than racism, and relates to identity as a whole, not a specific racial identity.
Anti-Christianity doesn't work the same way in the West, because people here are generally less ignorant of that religion, and less likely to lump in all white people together as Christians. Maybe it's different in the East (though probably not the Middle East, where there are substantial Christian populations), and there they lump in all Christians as "those white people in America and Europe." In which case they would also be having a racist assumption.
However, one aspect that makes a difference is many Americans' picture of a Muslim is someone with vaguely brown skin. The people who engage in anti-Muslim hate crimes sometimes end up attacking Sikhs, non-Muslim Indians, even Coptic-Christians. https://www.splcenter.org/news/2011/03/29/anti-muslim-incide...
In a case where a culture conceptualized all and only White people as Christians and stereotyped or attacked them, I would see no problem calling that racism.
In the absence of specific definitions in the law to the contrary that seems a fairly reasonable interpretation of the meaning most likely intended by Congress.
Excellent, this graffiti taught people that one can indeed by racist against muslims, because race is a pseudoscientific social construct used to attack people!
My agenda is to understand and promote objective truth. The agenda of those who level charges of racism or sexism or other isms is generally to drive the debate down predetermined emotional channels as a shortcut to an actual discussion.
here's the first definition google gave me ( http://storage8.static.itmages.com/i/15/1015/h_1444933364_24... )
"a group of people sharing the same culture, history, language, etc.; an ethnic group."
During the McCarthy era individuals got persecuted by the state for their beliefs. That's not at all comparable to people voicing an opinion that you may not agree with.
Bigotry against a cultural identity really isn't all that substantially different when the basis of the cultural identity is "race" or "religion", and bigotry against a race or ethnicity can often manifest in bigotry against other cultural identities that are correlated with that race or ethnicity, such as religion.
So, bigotry against a particular can both be a manifestation of racism, as well as being a thing substantially similar to racism independently of whether it is a manifestation of racism.
Through presenting two sides of an issue, it gives the illusion of honesty or fairness. Even if that strike was represented as a complete mistake with no justification, it has normalized drone strikes simply by exposing them as a thing you witness in sympathy from the comfort of your sofa.
Showing the desperation of the victims, might also reassure you of the fact that you care about them (while in reality things like these happen every day without you even reading it in the news).
Finally, when you register that the ugly sides are taken in consideration, as you just did:
> In the same episode, a drone strike kills tens of innocent people. If you think that is "propaganda", you obviously weren't paying any attention.
your trust in the rest of the details of the episode and the series is enhanced. While they could be totally random, you have no clue about that.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlie_Hebdo#Muhammad_cartoon...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dove_World_Outreach_Center_Q...
What's your point?
And Muslim (extremists?), killed 30 people in response, and resulted in a fatwa against Terry Jones.
> What's your point?
Artistic demonstration against the west, is (nearly) a right.
Artistic expression against Muslims, is (nearly) a death sentence.
---
It's a false equivalency to compare our (White Christian) nutjobs to their (Islam) nutjobs.
In case you can't see the issue: the series treats all Arabs and Muslims as dangerous terrorists willing to kill any "infidel" at the drop of a hat. And yet that is because of extremists, which exist everywhere - like, for example, Terry Jones.
It's false to say that EVERY Muslim will kill someone who criticises their religion.
I'm simply pointing out that subversive demonstration is a basic right under many standard western doctrines.
It certainly is not under many interpretations of Islam.
This is all generalized of course, as there are people in the US who believe US Flag Burning should be illegal, and Muslims artists that are against strict interpretations of Sharia law.