Photos of Amazon.com fulfillment center
doobybrain.com
doobybrain.com
There really wasn't a lot in there that was applicable to me, but I bet that (a) the Amazon folks have all read these books, and (b) they could write much, much better ones if they wanted to spill some of their trade secrets!
If fulfilment takes n minutes on average pr. order, they need n x number of orders staff-time. Unless they execute the order immediately after its placed (or at least all stocks are available), orders will pile up. The efficiency is simply to match staff with order, and with a large volume of orders and a large staff, that's quite simple to pull off. With rolling shifts, you can ask one shift to stay on for 10-15 minutes and instantly have 10s of hours of added capacity.
Initially you're trying to optimize the path for X people. So to get X items which are distributed in a given way, you're trying to have each person take the shortest path possible.
However, based on orders, you want to optimize the distribution of items in the warehouse to further shorten the paths. Granted, that distribution could be biased wildly based on all sorts of factors (i.e. seasonal activity).
Fun problem to say the least. :)