Mac OS X isn't POSIX compliant
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This is a case where the behavior does not even live up to POSIX's guarantee, so I wouldn't say that it's comparable at all.
POSIX is severely out of date, and must be broken to do even simple things like handle filenames with spaces in them from a shell script.
http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/rena...
But instead of us debating hypotheticals, perhaps you could list some of the "a lot of carefully coded applications" that break without this. Facts are always preferable to hyperbole.
These programs derive their purported reliability from these rename() semantics.
By the way, Windows passed the POSIX conformance tests, but only a salesman thinks this means that Windows is POSIX compliant.
Btw, Apple uses dovecot and postfix on their Xserve platform, which means Apple does depend on this behavior.
Since this is a race condition on Mac OS X (Where it is atomic on UNIX and POSIXish systems like Linux), people may think these programs work fine on Mac OS X, when in fact they can lose or destroy mail in some circumstances.
Microsoft actually has a UNIX emulation layer for Windows.
I was not referring to add-ons that can make Windows more POSIXish, but Windows itself.