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I think in the 90s.

Check out: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Integrated_Circuit_C...

They have always had CPUs. Just like most other types of ISO7816 cards, including any that have any kind of pin protection for the data stored within.

More on this little computer: http://www.gemalto.com/techno/sim/

Wow, thanks!

And on the Gemalto sim-card hack by the NSA and GCHQ: https://theintercept.com/2015/02/25/gemalto-doesnt-know-does...

"In the secret documents, provided by NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden, the intelligence agencies described a successful effort to obtain secret encryption keys used to protect hundreds of millions of mobile devices across the globe."