The reason air pollution is so much worse in European cities than American ones is largely due to diesel passenger vehicles.
Noise isn't a good predictor though, a muffler is a drain on efficiency.
Statistics like these should be taken with a grain of salt (for one thing, city delimitations are fairly arbitrary), but the details are not worth haggling about: the point is that Paris is not at all representative of large European cities.
[1] if Wikipedia can be trusted on this https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_by_population_d...
http://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/health-sapping.htm...