(It looks like the Nook is probably my best bet, but it unfortunately doesn't have a powered USB port so I'd need to find an external power supply of some description for the keyboard. Any other suggestions gratefully appreciated.)
https://www.google.com/search?q=earthlink+mailstation&tbm=is...
Also guaranteed to cause comment as practically no-one has seen one before.
The key piece of hardware is the Keyrah:
[1] http://www.amazon.com/Notepad/dp/B004LSLN0I
[2] http://www.mobileread.com/forums/showthread.php?t=150434
The specs are modest, but I bet it can handle your one requirement: "text editing".
I'm imagining literally just a CLI or rudimentary text editor with an e-paper interface... no video or images, just text. Very spartan. Response time is more than good enough for something like that.
I could also imagine that searching through a textfile to find the place you want to edit would be pretty frustrating if you had to do it at Kindle speed.
In 1-bit mono mode you can flip a pixel in ~100ms, which is plenty fast enough for text entry, although scrolling might not be good.
Early LCDs had terrible ghosting (anyone remember trying to play Doom on an early mono LCD and the image instantly turning into incomprehensible hash?), but I can't find any references for actual numbers for the pixel flip time. I'd be interested to know how they compare to eink. Does anyone know?
If only the Nook had a powered USB port...
I will say the market might be too small. But if the market existed slow response times (which are still sub-second) would likely not hurt it too much for that usage.