There are lots of frameworks for game development, but the problem is exactly in what you've described: rails. You can only get so far within the constraints of those frameworks before you need something it just can't do, and have to develop yourself. Depending on the framework, this may not even be possible (which is what leads to creation of new frameworks).

With that said, a lot of great (albeit typically somewhat simple) games are made with frameworks. When I when to a few game jams back in college, we typically started with something so that we could have a "complete" game by the end.