Swimming is all the good parts of running with ~none of the bad parts. Requires a pool, which isn't as "free" as running.
Rock climbing and weightlifting are both pretty good too.
While pretty much all exercise is better than being sedentary, you didn't really pick the the sports without "bad parts" :)
Swimming has a pretty high shoulder injury rate, though as best I can recall, it's a much lower total injury rate than running. Weightlifting is safer still, but it's definitely not without injuries. And finger pulley tendon injuries in climbing happen _all the time_.
[edit for clarity]
Everyone should learn how to swim, properly. For safety reasons if nothing else, and this would reduce injuries I think. I was a competitive swimmer for ~12 years, and learning how to swim correctly, I never injured myself.
Weightlifting, same deal. I've been lifting for ~8 years now, and having someone teach me how to squat and deadlift _correctly_ probably saved me countless injuries.
Rock climbing, same deal. Don't use a hangboard for the first 2-3 years you climb, you're going to get hurt. Learn to crimp correctly, or you're going to blow a pulley.
Running even, bad form is awful for your joints, really really bad. For whatever reason I did cross-country in highschool, and I grew ~6 inches that season, destroyed my hip flexors. =((
I appreciate and agree with all your points, but I do not think there is many active ways in which one could not injure themselves without proper technique. =))
The other 3 links [0][1][2] might be enlightening.
If you really are curious, all pools are required to have a certified pool operator on site at all times the pool is open, and their job to to keep the pool as close to a pH of 7 as possible, where close is a federally mandated standard [-2]. Water purity, saftey, and whatever else you were trying to imply by bringing up chlorine in pools, ironically enough, is affected by the amount of pure hydrochloric acid acid pumped into the pool as much as it is the chlorine. Just 'picking' on chlorine amounts shows your ignorance quite a bit.
[-2] http://www.poolsafely.gov/industry-operators-professionals/p...
[-1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_toxicity#Causes
[0] http://kbda.com/c3/library/enhancing.html
[1] http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/basicinformation/dis...
[2] http://www.livestrong.com/article/338677-foods-that-contain-...